Descemetocele

herniation of Descemet’s membrane

What is it?
Descemetocele is a herniation of Descemet’s membrane (the basement membrane that lies between the stroma and the endothelial layer of the cornea).

What causes it?
Descemetoceles occur when a corneal wound or deep ulceration extends through the stroma so deeply that the inner lining (Descemet’s membrane) bulges out forming a descemetocele. This type of ulcer is especially dangerous and can result in perforation. If it ruptures, fluid from the anterior chamber of the eye leaks out over the cornea and the eye collapses.

Who is susceptible to it?
Brachycephalic breeds and dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca are most vulnerable to this condition.

How is it diagnosed?
Diagnostics include Schirmer tear test, topical fluorescein and possibly corneal culture and cytology in order to choose the best course of medical treatment.

How is it treated?
Depending on the severity, treatment may include topical antibiotic therapy, pain medications, corneal suturing, conjunctival graft, contact lens or corneal transplant.